The adjusted determination coefficients were high for linear and nonlinear models (>0.89). OUP is the world's largest university press with the widest global presence. Among several natural enemies introduced to combat the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), the neotropical parasitoid Apoanagyrus (Epidinocarsis) lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was the most successful. Photo 6. (www.cabi.org/cpc); and from Cassava mealybug (Phenococcus manihoti) Plantwise Knowledge Bank. E. lopezi wurde auf seiner ursprünglichen Wirtspflanze, Cassava, und seinem ursprünglichen Wirt, P. manihoti, gezüchtet. Southeast Asia, but NOT yet in Oceania. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions It leads to the conclusion that, with targeted support, smallholder farmers can transform the rural landscape and unleash a new and sustainable agricultural revolution. Complete development from egg to adult, with >80% survivorship, occurred at nine constant temperatures between 15 and 32 °C. Shows how to use these kinds of product data in a way that is rooted (as estimates of revenue impacts are not) in the welfare theory generally accepted by economists.-from Authors, Ecosystem functioning, the flow of materials and energy in biotic communities and the effects of these dynamics on soil and stmosphere, is vital to human welfare. However, it can be parasitized by two wasps, Acerophagus coccois and Aenasius vexans which act out a ritual to recognize and select the individuals they are going to parasitize. ©2000-2020 ITHAKA. "languageSwitch": false Causes loss of leaves (in Africa, cassava used as leafy vegetable), low root yields, and poor cuttings for next crop. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. Cassava mealybug (329) - Widespread distribution. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 83 1: Norgaard RB The biological control of cassava mealybug … Request Permissions. Cotton balls were soaked with different concentrations of the product then presented to the wasps. Silva, Ester Azedo da Cassava, brought from South America 300 years ago free of its pests, became a major subsistence crop in Africa. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Cassava mealybug, Phenococcus marginatus, distorting terminal shoot of cassava. The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture found a parasitic wasp in South America and reared and released it in Africa. Der Parasitoid konnte in allen Gebieten erfolgreich eingebracht werden und trat 1988 in 18 afrikanischen Ländern in einem Gebiet von 1,5 Mio. A common thread that runs throughout this summary is that public education and public support for biological control technology is critical for maintaining the economic, regulatory, and logistical feasibility of this most effective tool for pest management. Query parameters: { Field surveys were conducted on cassava fields in various locations in Lampung, Java, and Nusa Tenggara. Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Hence, a single immature or adult is sufficient to start an outbreak. Ibadan, Nigeria: Strategic Planning Study Work. Geographic distribution of the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti and its introduced parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi in parts of Indonesia. Report prepared for the International Fund for Agricultural Development, May 1987. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Acerophagus coccois was recovered at 180 km from its release site nine months after release. Field surveys conducted between 1988 and 1994 indicated the mealybug was present in 57 municipalities in six States in north-eastern Brazil, in some places reaching high levels of infestation. The quantification of ecosystem functions, here illustrated by absorption of air pollutants, radiation balance, soil binding, and nutrient cycling, is likely to produce evidence on the extent of socially significant damage from pollution. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. }. JSTOR®, the JSTOR logo, JPASS®, Artstor®, Reveal Digital™ and ITHAKA® are registered trademarks of ITHAKA. In Pernambuco, 9010 parasitoids were released from October, 1995 onwards. Photo 7. of the supply, demand, and trade for roots and tubers (R&T). Suggests and illustrates an approach to environmental valuation: valuation of the environment as an input to the production of a marketed good. -Author. Soto, Antonia We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. (3) Laboratory and field studies established the scientific basis for quantifying the impact of the pest insect and its control by A. lopezi. The World Food Prize was given in recognition of a successful program against the cassava mealybug (Phenacoccus manihoti), which had devastated staple food crops in Africa. Causes loss of leaves (in Africa, cassava used as leafy vegetable), low root yields, and poor cuttings for next crop. Introduction of parasitoids for the control of the, Universidade de São Paulo – ESALQ, Departamento de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola, Piracicaba-SP, 13418-900, Brazil, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), A. E. lopezi was reared on its original host plant, cassava, and on the original insect host, the CM. These might indicate that parasitoid A. lopezi is a potential natural enemy to be used in biological control program of the cassava mealybug. Cassava mealybug, Phenococcus marginatus, distorting terminal shoot of cassava. Thus, if parasitoid wasps were put artificially into contact with this kairomone, in insect collections for example, they would then be able to parasitize the mealybug more rapidly. (1) a chemical compound beneficial for the insect which receives the “message” (in this case the parasitoid wasp) and harmful for the one which emits it (the mealybug). Cassava, brought from South America 300 years ago free of its pests, became a major subsistence crop in Africa. ... Dilaporkan bahwa kini parasitoid A. lopezi telah menyebar dan menetap di 25 negara di Afrika dan mampu menekan serangan kutu putih secara signifikan (Herren & Neuenschwander, 1991). The mealybug Phenacoccus herreni feeds on cassava plant sap, inducing shrivelling. Essa é uma alternativa tecnológica em relação ao controle com pesticidas químicos, e que tem assumido importância crescente com a intensificação da colheita mecânica da cana-de-açúcar crua no Estado de São Paulo. 08 0932, Cotonou, Benin Insects provide critical ecosystem services to humanity, including biological control of pests. Papers are problem-oriented and demonstrate originality and innovation in analysis, methods, or application. "openAccess": "0", View all Google Scholar citations